Memoirs of a Tragedy

June 4, 1977, will forever be etched in my memory. It was the day when Malaysia Airlines flight 653 with 100 passengers including seven crew members crashed under mysterious circumstances in the marshy swamplands of Tanjung Kupang in Johore.

The Boeing 737 left Penang for Kuala Lumpur Subang airport at 7.20 pm when it crashed under mysterious circumstances killing all the passengers and crew instantly.
Among the passengers were Agricultural Minister, Dato’ Ali Haji Ahmad, Public Works Department Head, Dato’ Mahfuz Khalid, and Cuban Ambassador to Japan, Mario Garcia. The pilot was Captain G.K. Ganjoor.

At about 7.50pm, while at an altitude of 4,000 feet over Bata Arang and descending towards Subang the captain reported there was an unidentified hijacker. The Subang Tower, immediately notified the authorities, who made emergency preparations at the airport.
Several minutes later Captain Ganjoor reported that they were proceeding to Singapore. All communication between the captain and the tower was lost at about 8.15 pm.
When I arrived at the scene the residents of Kampong Ladang, in Tanjong Kupang told me they saw the plane nose dive at about 8.45 pm at high speed followed by explosions and burning wreckage falling in a swamp. As expected, there were no survivors.

For journalists, covering an air crash is a test of their skills in news gathering. We are not sadists who wish for loss of lives but when it happens we have to put grief aside and get on with the job of providing the people with as much details as possible and in quick time.
Talking of speed, from day one of joining Bernama, it was impressed upon us that we had to get the news out fast even if it meant sending out a flash of one or two paragraphs as we are a news agency.

Speed is one thing but to be quick you need to get to know about the incident first. It is therefore vital to have the right contacts and also some luck.
In my case I had both. Also important, is having the right linkman at the news desk in the head office especially if the incident happens at night.

As for me, luck was certainly on my side on that evening or I would have probably got to know about the incident hours later. But some uncanny feeling or call it intuition saved me from being severely reprimanded had I got to know of the tragedy late. I was actually on my way to Singapore that evening with two friends to see the night life in the Republic. As we passed the Bernama office on the way to the causeway, I told my friend to stop and aborted the idea of coming back late from Singapore though my family was spending the December school holidays at my in laws in Malacca. I went up to the office and decided to finish the dreaded monthly report. Shortly after, I received a call from my politician friend, Datuk Yasin Abdul Rahman, who owns the adjacent hotel asking me to come over for a drink. He had apparently seen the office lights and guessed that I was in.

I put aside the report and walking towards the hotel, when I saw several senior police officers rushing out from a wedding reception .They shouted out that there had been a plane crash in Tanjung Kupang a short while ago and they were heading there. I quickly ran up two flights of stairs to the lounge of the hotel to phone Kuala Lumpur office. There, my doctor friend Nawawi Thamby from the General Hospital was gulping down his drink .He confirmed that a plane had crashed in Tanjung Kupang and that he has been summoned to be on emergency standby at the hospital. Only then, did I realise that my humble mini minor was at the workshop .The good doctor gave me the keys to his Alfa Romeo as he could hitch a ride with his colleague.

To be frank, this was the first time I had heard of Tanjung Kupang which was about 90 minutes away from Johore Baru and 30 minutes away from Gelang Patah which I was familiar with.
I quickly rushed back to the office to contact KL but before I could do so, the phone rang. On the line, was my good friend Abdul Karim Shukor who told me that a MAS plane had crashed in Tanjung Tuas rpt Tanjung Tuas in Singapore. I rebutted saying that the crash was on Malaysian soul. He asked me whether I was certain and since I was emphatic he wisely decided to let the man on the spot handle the matter. If it had been another boss who had faith in his foreign agency friends, the story would have been different, I mean very late for I would probably have been ordered to go to Singapore.

Karim and I agreed that we could send out a brief flash newsbreak immediately but without mentioning casualties yet .To make it better, the equally cool Osman Taib was manning the subs desk.

Before rushing to the scene, I called up the two reporters who were with the bureau, the tele- printer operator and even the office boy to come to the office immediately. There were no cell phones, pagers or laptops then but fortunately all the staff had phones and happened to be at home.

Though I was eager to rush to the scene, I had learnt during mock exercises on reporting disasters like plane and train crashes while attending an advanced journalism course in Berlin, Germany that the news desk must organise specific duties for various reporters .Only then will coverage be co-coordinated and better. I asked Bustamam to keep tabs with the hospital and interview survivors if any were brought in for treatment and also liaise with the authorities. I decided to take Noraini Abu Bakar with me to the scene in her car for logistical reasons.
\When we arrived at the scene, the mangrove swamps were pitch dark. The police were using torch lights and setting up generators to operate spotlights.

Both of us were the first journalists on the scene. I learnt later that the other journalists had got wind of it very late and went to Tanjung Tuas in Singapore.

Unfortunately, Bernama did not have picture service then.
To our surprise, the scene did not much resemble an air crash. Despite the lack of movements in the swamps, we harboured hopes of interviewing survivors. But our dreams of scoops were dashed as it became apparent there were no survivors, let alone whole bodies. There were only scattered pieces of flesh like hands and toes .Though it was a big aircraft, only small twisted metals of the plane could be seen. The police and firemen were baffled. Only than did it dawn upon us that the plane had exploded like a bomb before hitting ground. That is why there were no bodies intact.

Anyway it was time for the first scene report. We had to drive to Gelang Patah to find the nearest phone booth. Karim was relieved to hear me and he briefed me on what they had gathered from MAS and Transport Ministry .There was not much detail from them either .Time was passing quickly. We sent another report in the early hours of the morning. The sun was rising as we headed for the third scene report and we could see our friends from the other media passing by in the opposite direction–several hours late due to the futile journey to Singapore. Anyway, the damage was minimal as the newspapers had gone to print, which included the Bernama reports.

When I was about to file my third report, the phone at the booth was out of service. As there were no other phone booths in the cowboy town, we were desperate .We went to the police station and a kind officer obliged as all the calls were reverse charged anyway.

Something funny happened at the police station. After taking down the story, Karim asked me whether I could get immediate comments from the Menteri Besar. I told him that I would get Bustammam to get him in JB .Suddenly like a dream, the Menteri Besar ,Tan Sri Haji Othman Saat, was in front of me .He had come there to ask directions from the police as he was not sure of the crash site.

I took the opportunity to ask him for his comments. He was equally in the dark and as I had good rapport with him, he asked me to word the usual condolences and asking the next of kin to be calm as rescue operations were underway. He did impress on me though not to quote him saying that Dato Ali Haji Ahmad who was in the plane had been killed until absolutely certain that there were no survivors.
Karim was shocked when I gave him the comments from the Menteri Besar.
He had a good laugh when I told him the episode. Anyway as daylight was breaking, I told Ainon to go back and have a short rest before going back to the office as it was becoming evident that there were no survivors.

I hitched a ride with the MB back to the scene .It was morning and hordes of pressmen had gathered. The Police also cordoned off the area.
The first Minister to arrive was Transport Minister Tan Sri V. Manickavasagam. Pressmen were allowed in with the Minister. The scene was no different from what I had seen earlier. But this time I could see a large crater. Apparently the fuselage and cockpit had been sucked in by the impact.

The Minister toured the site but could not provide many details except to say that Malaysia Airlines and his Ministry would issue a statement later in Kuala Lumpur after gathering all the details.
He told us to wait for Home Affairs Minister Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie who was expected to arrive shortly. About 20 minutes later, a helicopter arrived with the flamboyant King Ghaz as he was popularly known.

As he and the press were walking towards the crash site, a foreign news agency reporter from Singapore impatiently asked him whether it was the work of the Japanese Red Army. In anger, the Minister chided him for making such assumptions even as the Malaysian authorities were trying to figure out what had really happened.

Asking the reporter whether he was a scientist coming with theories and assumptions, or a reporter, he said checks on the two Japanese on board showed they were genuine entrepreneurs with business establishment in the country. As such, he said, it was mischievous to link the crash to the red army.

Seeing the Minister’s anger, the Johore CID chief stopped the press from going in except for RTM crew. We were told that there would be no press conference.
Tired and sleepy, I cornered the foreign journalists and asked them to let me handle him when he came back.

As I had just a fortnight earlier accompanied him on a Cessna plane which he piloted from Senai airport to Mersing to cover his visit to a Vietnamese refugee camp, I was confident he would talk to me. True enough, he walked up and seeing my disheveled state told me to go back and rest as no one could possibly survive because of the way the plane fell.

I then told him whether he could enlighten us as with some details. He was pleased with this type of approach and told as the events leading to the crash but was unable to pin point what really happened though it was suspected the aircraft was hijacked.

From that day onwards, the press was barred from going anyway near the scene. Many of my police officer friends had to spend several days at the site housed in tents. One of my officer friends, called me at the office to ask if I could bring him a couple of beers. I obliged and found that a phone had been installed at the site. I noted the phone number and from then on it was smooth sailing for me as I could the latest developments much to the chagrin from others in the media.

One of the stories I got over the phone was the recovery of the fuselage and cockpit from deep in the soil including the cockpit voice recorder or the black box. This was the largest piece recovered. Also recovered was a torso of a steward with his name tag intact. He was a nephew of former Prime Minister Tun Hussein Onn.

All the other remains of pieces of flesh that were recovered could not be identified and they were all buried in a single grave at Kebun Teh in Johore Baru four days later, the ceremony was a touching and poignant affair as the khadi, and priests from the Christian, Buddhist, Hindu and Taoist faiths recited the final prayers.

A memorial was erected at the site to remember the senseless deaths.

By K.B

BREAK A LEG OR BREAK AN EGG

I read with incredulity the remarks made by Justice Ian Chin and reported in the local media last month that he and other judges were forced to attend ‘boot’ camps organised by the previous administration of Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamed to indoctrinate those attending that in all circumstances, the interests of the government must hold supreme.

I was one of the participants in a similar course organised at Kem Bina Negara from 27-30 July 1994.

I do not know by what stretch of the imagination he could describe such courses as “boot camps”. A boot camp usually refers to military recruit training which is the initial indoctrination and instruction given to new military personnel or a correctional facility.


These camps were organised to inculcate positive values in participants and to develop in them a love for the nation with a caring attitude for others.

To paraphrase a quote from former US President Calvin Coolidge, these camps were an attempt to create a new mindset among Malaysians to look out for ourselves by looking out for our country.

The four-day Kursus Perdana camp that I had the privilege of attending was organised by the Biro Tata Negara and held in Langkawi. My fellow participants and I had a wonderful and enlightening stay.

I was a journalist with a leading newspaper in Kuala Lumpur when I was offered this opportunity. ( I have since retired and am leading a sedate life, coincidentally spending most of my time in Langkawi ).

At first, I thought I was invited to cover the event, as I had often accompanied the Prime Minister on his visits at home and travels abroad, as a member of the Malaysian Press corps.

But after making enquiries about the objectives of the camp, I decided to attend .There was strictly no media coverage. Mine was the second such course to be organised and comprised only non-malays. The inaugural course was confined to malays which included cabinet ministers and senior officials from the public and private sectors. Similar gatherings were held from time to time based on the same module and apparently Justice Chin went in 1997.

There was no compulsion whatsoever to attend.

As I arrived at the camp, I was surprised to be in illustrious company. There were leading politicians including cabinet ministers, senior government officers, millionaire businessmen and professionals including two other journalists.

The first thing we learnt to do was to accept each other as equals. As we entered the camp, we left behind our positions in society, our worldly possessions, our occupations, and status and our ranks.

We also left behind our mobile phones. There was no TV and no newspapers. We had to collect our pillows and bed sheets and do our own beds in the dormitory where we slept on double-decker bunk beds. I could not help but chuckle when I saw Tan Sri Tan Pek Khing sweating beneath the fan and trying to fit the bed sheet. I jokingly told him to call up room service from his Delima hotel located a few kilometers away in Kuala Muda. In good humour, he replied he did not have his mobile phone to make the call!

After registration, each of us was given a raw egg.

For four days we were cut off from the outside world and were free to ponder what it meant to owe allegiance to our beloved nation and be a good citizen.

The dormitories had basic facilities. No air conditioning and no showers. There was a common large bathroom with a big tub from which we took water and bathed the communal way.

The women had their separate dormitory. We sang patriotic songs at the morning flag raising ceremony amid a palpable sense of belonging to one nation, and proud to be Malaysian.

We had a dress code: white short-sleeved shirts and dark coloured trousers, for men. There were simple games in the evening among participants who were divided into groups. We attended lectures and had our meals as members of a particular group.
Each group had a name and we named ours “kumpulan semut.” My semut group had the likes of the late Datuk Alex Lee, Tan Sri Raymond Navaratnam, and Datuk Leo Michael Toyad, to name a few

We all had to wash our plates and cups as did Dr Mahathir and the then Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim.

From the outset it was clear that our four days discourse was all about shaping a peaceful, prosperous, united and stable nation. The thrust was the Vision 2020 target of achieving developed nation status.

Back to the raw egg.

This egg symbolised our beloved nation. We had to care for it and have it with us at all times. If we broke the egg or failed to produce it when asked, then we would be given a brick to carry for the remaining duration of our stay.

The simple but important message was that all citizens must put nation above oneself.

Dr Mahathir spent two days with us and Anwar the remaining two.

We had a meaningful dialogues with the two leaders. They told us about government plans to achieve set targets. After each session, we had questions and were given ample opportunities to give our views. This was the essence of camp which wanted feedback from us on the various issues confronting the nation including racial unity.

This was no brain washing monologue but brainstorming dialogues.

At night, each group met in their dormitories for separate discussions for the important task of submitting nation building proposals and steps that needed to be taken to usher Vision 2020.

As I was a journalist, my group conveniently appointed me to prepare the written proposals to be submitted to secretariat. While they slept, I penned the proposals jointly agreed by the group members on the last night..

In fact, even sensitive questions were welcome . I remember vividly a question to Dr Mahathir from the floor from social activist Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye about the lopsided racial composition in the civil service.

Dr Mahathir replied: “If the private sector can guarantee that it can open its doors to more bumiputeras , then the government would have no problem in having even 50 per cent non Malays” .

There was also a complaint to Dr Mahathir about the difficulty and red tape faced by a foreign investor who wanted to set up a hi-tech venture. Dr Mahathir promised to look into the matter personally once he was back in the office. I was told later that he indeed did.

Anwar was also open to many questions. One of them was from State Executive Council member from Penang Madam Kee Phaik Chin who asked if there was anything wrong in non Muslims greeting Muslims with ‘Assalam Walaikum’(Peace be upon you). She said that at gatherings with her Muslim constituents she had on some occasions used the greeting but was told that being a non-Muslim she could not do so.

Anwar replied that it was okay for non-Muslims to use the greetings. According to him, the problem arose because of ignorance by some quarters.

On the final morning, we all trekked the adjacent hill and staggered down again. And then it was all over. For four days, we did not know what was happening around the nation and the world as newspapers were not provided. When the mobile phones were finally returned, the first calls were to the families and stock brokers to find out how market had fared.

I had no mobile phone. So I just lit up a cigarette as smoking had earlier been confined to a small area beneath a huge tree. Tan Sri Francis Yeo who was standing close by offered me his phone to call home.

And nobody broke an egg, except for one person. Displaying good sportsmanship, he gladly carried his brick for the rest of the stay!

As we said our goodbyes, we promised to keep in touch. Our parting words to each other were “go break a leg’, or Good Luck.